Martin+Luther+King+Jr.+Period+5


 * [[file:I Have a Dream Speech Quiz.doc]]**

**MLK Background Information**

 * Born on January 1, 1929
 * Attended segregated schools his entire life
 * Became president of a dominantly white class at Crozer Theological Seminary
 * Pastor in Montgomery, Alabama
 * Organized Montgomery Bus Boycott, sparked by Rosa Parks being arrested for not giving up her seat for a white person
 * Boycott lasted 382 days
 * Elected president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957
 * Great inspired by Ghandi, and his non-violent approach to receiving justice
 * 1957-1963 Traveled six million miles, and spoke over 2,500 times
 * Wrote five books and numerous articles
 * Led a massive protest in Birmingham, Alabama
 * August 28, 1963- led the March on Washington in which 25,000 people came to listen to his famous "I Have A Dream" speech, which was delivered on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial.
 * In his lifetime, MLK was arrested over 20 times, assaulted at least 4 times, named Man of the Year by Time magazine in 1963.
 * At the age of 25, he was the youngest man to ever receive the Nobel Peace Prize, and also donated $54,123 to the advancement of the Civil Rights Movement
 * On April 4, 1968, he was assassinated on the balcony of his motel.

Spam
The speech was meant for every American to hear though. MLK wanted everyone to know that the civil rights protests would not end until the USA is desegregated.
 * S**- The speaker is Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. The fact that he is a reverend is significant to the speech, because he states God's will for America in the speech.
 * P**- The purpose of the speech is to:
 * 1) raise awareness of the civil rights movement and the unrest of a segregated USA
 * 2) to urge people to act quickly/now
 * 3) to act non-violently
 * 4) and to thereby establish a desegregated America that allows everyone to be part of the American Dream.
 * A**- The main audience of the speech is the African American, because that is whom he is addressing throughout the speech
 * M**- The speech was given verbally to a large live audience of 2000-5000 people and was also televised. Being televised allowed MLK to spread his message to the lagrest audience possible.

Three Appeals
__**Pathos**__- In his "I Have a Dream" speech, Martin Luther King uses allusions and metaphors to draw emotion from his audience. In a sense, he is trying to make segregation and discrimination a harsh reality for Americans. Martin Luther King uses metaphors such as "chains of discrimination" and "quicksands of racial injustice" to explain just how horrendous racial injustice is. Each of the little metaphors he uses add a very negative connotation to segregation and discrimination and a very posititve connnotation to equality and justice. Also the way he speaks appeals to the audience's emotions. As the speech goes on, MLK becomes more and more furious at the thought of discrimination, and more and more he speaks righteously and gloriously of the idea of justice. __**Ethos**__- __**Logos**__- Martin Luther King supports his idea of acting quickly by giving examples of the unrest caused by segregation and that the sooner segregation ends the sooner the unrest will end. He supports his idea of acting non-violently by stating that a violent response would only prompt another violent response.
 * Martin Luther King Jr. establishes his credibility by conceding to the opposing argument that it is best to escape from the south. This way he shows that he has made an informed decision having concidered every possible argument.
 * Martin Luther King Jr. also establishes his credibillity by stating that he himself will go back to the south to continue to fight for civil rights. Also by alluding to his own children having a future to look forward to, helps him establish his credibillity because it shows that he has his own personal interest in the matter. It would be very different if MLK were speaking as someone who would not have to go back to the segregated south or worry about his children.
 * Being a reverend also helps his credibility. Throughout the speech MLK makes many allusions to the American Dream and how God had intended it to be. If he were not a reverend the claims he makes about what God really wants would not be credible at all.

**Key**
__ Orange __ - Allusion __ Light Blue __ - Simile  __ Blue __ - Metaphor  __ Green __ - Anaphora  __ Red __ - Paradox __ Lime __ - Metonymy __ Pale blue __ - Personification  __ Violet __ - Antithesis  __ Pink __ - Rhetorical Question __ Brown __ - Concession to the Opposition __ Lavender __ - Oxymoron I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation. __ Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation __. This momentous decree came __ as a great beacon light of hope __ to __ millions of Negro slaves __ who had been seared in the __ flames of withering injustice __. It came __ as a joyous daybreak __ to end the __ long night of their captivity __. But __ one hundred years later __, the Negro still is not free. __ One hundred years later __, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the __ manacles of segregation __ and the __ chains of discrimination __. __ One hundred years later __, the Negro lives on a __ lonely island of poverty __ in the midst of a vast __ ocean of material prosperity __. __ One hundred years later __, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an __ exile in his own land __. And so we've come here today to dramatize a shameful condition. In a sense we've come to our nation's capital __ to cash a check __. __ When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence __, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the __ "unalienable Rights" of "Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." __ It is obvious today that __ America __ has defaulted on this promissory note, insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, __ America __ has given the Negro people a __ bad check, a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds." __   But __ we refuse __ to believe that the __ bank of justice is bankrupt __. __ We refuse __ to believe that there are __ insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity __ of this nation. And so, we've come to __ cash this check __, a check that will give us upon demand the __ riches of freedom __ and the __ security of justice __. We have also come to this hallowed spot to __ remind America __ of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the __ tranquilizing drug of gradualism __. __ Now is the time __ to make real the promises of democracy. __ Now is the time __ to rise from the __ dark and desolate valley of segregation __ to the __ sunlit path of racial justice __. __ Now is the time __ to lift our nation from the __ quicksands of racial injustice __ to the __ solid rock of brotherhood __. __ Now is the time __ to make justice a reality for all of God's children. It would be __ fatal for the nation __ to overlook the urgency of the moment. This __ sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent __ will not pass until there is an __ invigorating autumn of freedom and equality __. __ Nineteen sixty-three __ is __ not an end, but a beginning __. And those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. And there will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The __ whirlwinds of revolt __ will continue to shake the __ foundations of our nation __ until the __ bright day of justice __ emerges. But there is something that I must say to my people, who stand on the __ warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice __: In the process of gaining our rightful place, we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our __ thirst for freedom __ by drinking from the __ cup of bitterness and hatred __. __ We must __ forever conduct our struggle on the __ high plane of dignity and discipline __. __ We must __ not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again, __ we must __ rise to the __ majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force __. The marvelous __ new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community __ must not lead us to a distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by __ their presence here today __, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny. And they have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. __ We cannot __ walk alone. And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead. __ We cannot __ turn back. There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, __ "When will you be satisfied?" __ __ We can never be satisfied __ as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of __ police brutality __. __ We can never be satisfied __ as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, __ cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities __. __ We cannot be satisfied __ as long as the __ Negro’s basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one __. __ We can never be satisfied __ as long as our children are stripped of their self-hood and robbed of their dignity by a sign stating: __ "For Whites Only." __ __ We cannot be satisfied __ as long as a __ Negro in Mississippi cannot vote __ and a __ Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote __. No, no, __ we are not satisfied __, and we will not be satisfied until "__ justice rolls down like waters __, and __ righteousness like a mighty stream __." __ I am not unmindful that ____ some of you ____ have come here out of great trials and tribulations __. __ Some of you __ have come fresh from narrow jail cells. And __ some of you __ have come from areas where your quest -- quest for freedom left you battered by the __ storms of persecution __ and staggered by the __ winds of __ __ police brutality __. You have been the veterans of __ creative suffering __. Continue to work with the faith that __ unearned suffering is redemptive __. __ Go back __ to __ Mississippi __, __ go back __ to __ Alabama __, __ go back __ to __ South Carolina __, __ go back __ to __ Georgia __, __ go back __ to __ Louisiana __, __ go back __ to the __ slums and ghettos of our northern cities __, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed. Let us not wallow in the __ valley of despair __, I say to you today, my friends. And so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the __ American dream __. __ I have a dream __ that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: __ "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal." __  __ I have a dream __ that one day on the __ red hills of Georgia __, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the __ table of brotherhood __. __ I have a dream __ that one day even the state of __ Mississippi __, a state sweltering with the __ heat of injustice __, sweltering with the __ heat of oppression __, will be transformed into an __ oasis of freedom and justice __. __ I have a dream __ that __ my four little children __ will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. __ I have a dream __ today! __ I have a dream __ that one day, down in __ Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of "interposition" and "nullification" __ -- one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. __ I have a dream __ today! __ I have a dream __ that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight; __ "and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together." __   This is our hope, and this is the faith that I go back to the South with. __ With this faith, we will be able __ to __ hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope __. __ With this faith, we will be able __ to __ transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood __. __ With this faith, we will be able __ to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. And this will be the day -- this will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with new meaning: __ “My country 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing. __ __ “Land where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrim's pride,  __ __ “From every mountainside, let freedom ring!” __ And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true. And so __ let freedom ring __ from the __ prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire __. __ Let freedom ring __ from the __ mighty mountains of New York __. __ Let freedom ring __ from the __ heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania __. __ Let freedom ring __ from the __ snow-capped Rockies of Colorado __. __ Let freedom ring __ from the __ curvaceous slopes of California __. But not only that: __ Let freedom ring __ from __ Stone Mountain of Georgia __. __ Let freedom ring __ from __ Lookout Mountain of Tennessee __. __ Let freedom ring __ from every hill and molehill of __ Mississippi __. From every mountainside, __ let freedom ring __. And when this happens, when we __ let freedom ring __, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the __ old Negro spiritual: __ __ Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last! __

Key
__ Orange __ - Allusion __ Light Blue __ - Simile  __ Blue __ - Metaphor  __ Green __ - Anaphora  __ Red __ - Paradox __ Lime __ - Metonymy __ Pale blue __ - Personification  __ Violet __ - Antithesis  __ Pink __ - Rhetorical Question __ Brown __ - Concession to the Opposition __ Lavender __ - Oxymoron